Direct answer: A government procurement e-marketplace is not a procurement method; it is a trading venue. It is mainly used for phase 2 of framework agreement procurement for goods in the centralized procurement catalogue, and may serve small sporadic purchases of goods outside the catalogue, but purchasers cannot be forced to use it. To sell there, a supplier usually joins the phase 1 solicitation, becomes a shortlisted framework supplier, and is then selected in phase 2 by direct selection, second bidding or sequential rotation. Listed products should be "shelf products" already sold on the market, generally carry a GB 12904 product barcode, must not be government-procurement-only products, and must have a reference price; the reference price is generally not higher than the recent market average, and out-of-catalogue products priced above it may be asked to reduce the price or be delisted. The website page should turn "entity/authorisation, product/barcode, category, price/reference price, phase 2 response, contract/acceptance/announcement, change/delisting/exit" into a reviewable checklist, not "onboarding = award guaranteed / lowest price wins". Information is current to 2026-11-06. This is a review of public rules and page practice, not legal, bidding, platform-operation or procurement advice; the latest rules, solicitation documents, platform agreement and the finance department's interpretation control.

This guide is for export, quality, regulatory, procurement and website teams at equipment, electronics/electrical, automotive, medical device, hardware, chemical, packaging and export manufacturers in Changzhou and nearby areas. E-marketplace rules are detailed on positioning, the two phases, shelf products, barcodes, reference prices and delisting; pages most often compress them into "we are on the government procurement platform".

Three things to remember

The e-marketplace is the phase 2 venue for framework agreements, not a procurement method; onboarding, shortlisting, listing and award are four different steps. Listing needs a shelf product, product barcode and reference price; phase 2 is mainly direct selection, second bidding at the lowest price, or sequential rotation. The website should state entity, product, barcode, price, award, acceptance and delisting—never "onboarding = award guaranteed".

How does this page relate to the qualification page, product price page and quotation page?

The e-marketplace/framework agreement page answers "how we enter the platform, which products can be listed, and how we are selected in phase 2"; the government procurement domestic product/qualification page answers "public buyer qualification and product attributes"; the product price page answers "public price/range/tax"; the quotation/RFQ response page answers "project quotation/validity". The e-marketplace page is about platform onboarding and award rules; a price page or an "onboarding certificate" cannot replace it.

Common breakpoints: platform registration treated as shortlisting; shortlisting treated as award; listing treated as an order; reference price treated as government pricing; barcode invented; government-only models listed; waiting only for "direct selection" in phase 2; delisted because the price is above the reference price; third-party service providers charging suppliers. Separate "platform—framework agreement—product—price—award—exit"; then export, procurement, finance and platform operations share one playbook.

PageAnswersKey contentCannot replace
E-marketplace/frameworkOnboarding, listing, phase 2 awardEntity/authorisation, barcode, reference price, award methodQualification/price page
Government procurement qualificationPublic buyer qualification and product attributesSix conditions, credit, domestic product, declarationPlatform onboarding
Product price pagePublic price/range/taxPrice basis, validity, taxReference/agreement price
Quotation/RFQProject quotationFields, validity, offer/invitationPlatform award
Contract/technical agreementContract termsPriority, deviation, signature, versionPhase 1 framework agreement
Supplier onboarding/AVLPrivate buyer approved vendorQualification, capacity, audit, EHSGovernment procurement platform

This page map is editorial; the law, solicitation documents, platform agreement and contract control.

What the e-marketplace is and is not

Under Cai Ku [2026] No. 8, the e-marketplace is mainly used for phase 2 of framework agreement procurement for goods in the centralized procurement catalogue; it may serve small sporadic purchases of goods outside the catalogue, but purchasers must not be forced to use it. It is generally built at provincial level; no new city-level marketplaces, and existing ones should connect to the provincial marketplace. Different CA certificates should be mutually recognised, and the marketplace should connect with the budget management system. The responsibilities of the marketplace operator, third-party service providers and suppliers should be clear; third-party service providers and entities with a direct controlling or management relationship with them may not act as marketplace suppliers and may not charge marketplace suppliers any fee.

So the e-marketplace is not a "procurement method" and not "shortlisting means a contract"; it is the phase 2 venue for framework agreements plus a convenience platform for small out-of-catalogue purchases. The page should state platform/region/category/phase/agreement, not "all government projects are here".

QuestionHow to read itEvidenceCommon gap
Procurement method?No; a trading venueNo. 8 / solicitationTreated as a method
Inside catalogueFramework agreement phase 2Catalogue/agreementSkip phase 1
Outside catalogueSmall purchases, not mandatoryPlatform rulesForce purchasers
LevelGenerally provincialNo. 8City duplication
CA/budgetCA mutual recognition, budget linkPlatform notesSingle CA only
Third-party serviceNo supplier role/no supplier feesNo. 8 / agreementService fees

Positioning follows Cai Ku [2026] No. 8 and the platform rules; this table is editorial.

How are the two framework agreement phases separated?

Under MOF Order No. 110, framework agreement procurement means a centralized procurement agency or a supervising budget unit, for goods and services with clear and uniform technical/service standards that need repeated procurement, runs a public solicitation to determine phase 1 shortlisted suppliers and conclude a framework agreement; purchasers or service recipients then determine the phase 2 awardee within the shortlisted suppliers under the agreement rules and sign a procurement contract. Phase 1 looks at the solicitation documents, maximum unit price, elimination rate/supplier cap and response; phase 2 looks at direct selection, second bidding or sequential rotation. Each phase has its own announcement, file and contract; "platform registration" does not complete either.

For goods framework agreements, the shortlisted supplier should be the manufacturer of the listed product or the manufacturer's sole authorised supplier; the shortlisted supplier may appoint one or more agents to accept awards and perform contracts, but must provide the authorisation and agent list in the framework agreement. The page should state "who is the shortlisted supplier, who is the authorised agent, which products are covered", not "any distributor can list".

PhaseWho does whatOutput/evidenceCommon gap
Phase 1Solicit, evaluate, shortlistSolicitation/notice/agreementRegistration = shortlist
Maximum priceSet in the solicitationSolicitation/quotationAbove the cap
Phase 2Purchaser selects within the shortlistAward notice/contractShortlist = award
Goods supplierManufacturer or sole authorised supplierAuthorisation/agreementOrdinary distributor
AgentsAccept awards and performAuthorisation/listAgent outside list
FilesSolicitor/purchaser keepsProcurement file/contractNo file

The two phases follow MOF Order No. 110 and the solicitation documents; this table is editorial.

How should supplier and product access be accepted?

Cai Ku [2026] No. 8 requires regulated supplier and product access: for products inside the catalogue, supplier qualification and product requirements follow government procurement law and rules strictly; for products outside the catalogue, the marketplace may not set or disguise thresholds on brand, size, industry, region, ownership form, organisation form, equity structure or investor nationality, and may not discriminate. Listed products should be "shelf products" already sold on the market, generally carry a GB 12904 product barcode, and must not be government-procurement-only products; products without a reference price generally may not be listed.

Supplier qualification also returns to the government procurement qualification page: the six statutory conditions, credit records, major illegal record, connected parties and consortium rules. The page should state "platform account entity, framework shortlisted entity, authorisation, product scope, barcode, reference price", not just a business licence or an "onboarding screenshot".

ItemWhat to confirmEvidenceCommon gap
EntityAccount/shortlist/contract alignLicence/account/agreementEntity mismatch
AuthorisationManufacturer or sole authorisedAuthorisation/agreementDistributor claims
ProductShelf product, not government-onlySales record/packageGovernment-only model
BarcodeGB 12904 product barcodeBarcode/packageInvented barcode
Reference priceCan be generatedPlatform/market dataListed without it
ThresholdsNo brand/size/region discriminationPlatform rulesDisguised threshold
CreditMeets government procurement conditionsQuery recordUnresolved adverse record

Access follows Cai Ku [2026] No. 8, MOF Order No. 110 and the platform rules.

How should product barcodes and categories be accepted?

Cai Ban Ku [2026] No. 17 issues the 2026 Government Procurement E-Marketplace Product Classification Standard, aligned with the Government Procurement Catalogue of Goods. It contains 12 first-level, 45 second-level, 130 third-level and 244 fourth-level categories; provinces adding categories must report them to the MOF Department of the Treasury for filing. Listed products should generally have a GB 12904 product barcode; the barcode should correspond to the product, model, package specification and sales unit, not one code for many products or arbitrary switching. The page should state "category, product name, model, barcode, package specification, unit of measure", not just "government procurement supported".

Acceptance checks: category level; catalogue mapping; barcode source; barcode and package; model/specification; unit; images/manual. Common gaps: wrong category; barcode on the shipping carton rather than the retail package; one code for many products; model/barcode mismatch; quotation unit differs from listing unit.

ItemWhat to confirmEvidenceCommon gap
Category12/45/130/244 levelsStandardWrong category
CatalogueMaps to the goods catalogueCatalogueWrong mapping
BarcodeGB 12904Barcode/packageInvented/missing
Product/modelOne-to-one with barcodePackage/manualOne code, many products
PackageRetail unit/carton specPackage imageCarton code as retail
UnitSame as quotation unitQuotationUnit/set mixed
Image/manualTruthful and verifiablePage/testOverstated

Categories follow Cai Ban Ku [2026] No. 17; barcodes follow GB 12904 and the platform rules.

How should the maximum price, agreement price and volume discount be accepted?

Under Order No. 110, the solicitation announcement and documents set the maximum unit price; the documents may set a volume-price discount, i.e. a lower price at a certain volume. The maximum unit price is the cap for the phase 1 response; the shortlisted supplier's phase 1 response price (including any volume discount, together the agreement price) is the cap for the phase 2 award. Where the government sets a price, that price applies; otherwise the price is determined through demand investigation and demand standards. Goods prices are per unit (set, etc.) and include after-sales service; service prices are per unit of service or labour.

Acceptance checks: maximum unit price; agreement price; volume discount; government pricing; goods/service unit; after-sales included; phase 2 not above the agreement price. Common gaps: treating the cap as the award price; volume discount not stated; service fees not included; phase 2 above the agreement price; unit mismatch.

PriceMeaningEvidenceCommon gap
Maximum unit priceCap for the phase 1 responseSolicitationTreated as award price
Agreement pricePhase 2 award capFramework agreementAbove the cap
Volume discountLower price at volumeSolicitationNot stated/applied
Government priceApplies where setPricing documentSelf-set
Goods unitPer unit, after-sales includedQuotationAfter-sales extra
Service unitPer service/labour unitQuotationUnclear workload

Price rules follow MOF Order No. 110 and the solicitation documents; this table is editorial.

How should the reference price, price monitoring and delisting be accepted?

Cai Ku [2026] No. 8 requires a sound reference-price mechanism: based on market sales data, with a broad, representative and sufficient sample; the reference price is generally not higher than the recent market average, avoiding both an excessive price that wastes public funds and an excessively low price that undermines supplier motivation and performance. Suppliers must not manipulate the reference price by adjusting prices in other channels. If a purchaser can buy at a lower price elsewhere, for in-catalogue products it should follow the framework agreement rules and buy outside the marketplace; for out-of-catalogue products it should buy outside. If an out-of-catalogue product is priced above the reference price, the supplier should be asked to reduce the price or be delisted under the agreement; the marketplace monitors through barcodes, price monitoring, reports, big data and AI, and conducts periodic inspections.

Acceptance checks: reference-price source; sample; cap; other-channel prices; monitoring; handling above the reference price; delisting/remediation record. Common gaps: no sample; list price instead of transaction price; other-channel lower price ignored; still listed above the reference price; no delisting record.

ItemRuleEvidenceCommon gap
SourceMarket sales dataPlatform note/sampleNo basis
SampleBroad/representative/sufficientData noteToo small
CapGenerally not above recent averageReference recordClearly high
Other channelsNo manipulationPrice monitoringDual pricing
Purchaser choiceLower price outsidePurchase recordForced inside
Above referenceReduce or delistRemediation/delistingNo action
InspectionPeriodic monitoringInspection recordNo monitoring

Reference prices and monitoring follow Cai Ku [2026] No. 8 and the platform agreement; this table is editorial.

How should the three phase 2 award methods be accepted?

Under Order No. 110, phase 2 award methods are direct selection, second bidding and sequential rotation. Direct selection is the main method: unless the solicitation specifies second bidding or sequential rotation, the purchaser/service recipient selects directly from shortlisted suppliers based on price, quality, service convenience and user reviews. Second bidding uses the agreement price as the cap and awards to the lowest bidder among eligible shortlisted suppliers; it generally suits price-priority projects. Sequential rotation awards contracts in the order set in the solicitation, with each supplier getting one opportunity per rotation period; it generally suits services. For second bidding/sequential rotation, the solicitor publishes each award result within two working days.

Acceptance checks: method stated in the solicitation; basis for direct selection; second-bidding cap/response time/lowest price; rotation order/period/one opportunity; two-day announcement. Common gaps: assuming shortlisting means a turn; second bidding above the agreement price; queue jumping; late announcement; treating direct selection as the only method.

MethodRuleSupplier actionCommon gap
Direct selectionPrice/quality/service/reviewsMaintain price/service/reviewsWait for automatic award
Second biddingAgreement price cap, lowest winsBid to the requirementAbove the cap
Sequential rotationOrder; one turn per periodConfirm order/performQueue jump/refuse
ScopeBidding for price; rotation for servicesRead the solicitationMixed use
AnnouncementWithin 2 working daysCheck the noticeNo notice
Agreement pricePhase 2 capDo not exceedBypass the cap

Award methods follow MOF Order No. 110 and the solicitation documents; this table is editorial.

How should award, contract, acceptance and announcement be accepted?

Framework agreement procurement uses a fixed-price contract; where the total is based on actual quantity and the agreement price, the contract must state the actual quantity or measurement method, and a service contract must include the number of workdays, service workload and other detailed workload lists. The purchaser must require the supplier to provide records or evidence proving performance by quantity/workload, kept with the acceptance file. If the purchaser proves it can buy the same goods at a lower price from a non-shortlisted supplier and the shortlisted supplier refuses to match that price, the contract may be awarded to the non-shortlisted supplier; this must be stated in the solicitation and agreed in the framework agreement, and the purchaser must copy the award result to the solicitor within one working day and keep the evidence and contract. The solicitor publishes a summary of award results within 10 working days after the framework agreement expires.

Acceptance checks: fixed price; quantity/workload; performance records; acceptance file; lower-price evidence/copy for non-shortlisted awards; 10-working-day summary. Common gaps: floating contract price without basis; unclear workload; no acceptance record; no evidence for a non-shortlisted award; missing announcement.

ItemWhat to confirmEvidenceCommon gap
Contract priceFixed priceContractFloating without basis
Quantity/workloadStated and measurableContract/listLump sum only
Performance recordQuantity/workload evidenceDocuments/recordsNo evidence
AcceptanceContract standards/fileAcceptance certificateNo acceptance
Non-shortlisted awardLower-price proof/copyProof/copy recordNo proof
SummaryWithin 10 working days after expiryAnnouncementMissing

Contract/acceptance/announcement follow MOF Order No. 110; this table is editorial.

How should disqualification, replenishment and exit be accepted?

Under Order No. 110, a shortlisted supplier may be disqualified or have its agreement terminated for collusion, false materials, refusing an award without justification, failing to perform after a demand, being banned or restricted from government procurement, or other agreed events; a disqualified/terminated supplier may not join the replenishment of the same closed framework agreement or re-apply to the same open framework agreement. A closed framework agreement supplier may not voluntarily give up its shortlist status or exit without justification; an open framework agreement supplier may apply to exit at any time, and the solicitor publishes the exit notice within two working days of the application. During the term, the solicitor may not replenish unless the remaining shortlisted suppliers are below 70% of the total and this affects performance; replenishment follows the same rules, conditions, procedures, evaluation and elimination ratio as the initial solicitation and the original term.

Acceptance checks: disqualification events; exit restriction; two-day exit notice; 70% replenishment trigger; same replenishment rules; re-application restriction. Common gaps: arbitrary exit; no notice; replenishing early; lowering the standard; returning under another entity after disqualification.

EventRuleEvidenceCommon gap
DisqualificationCollusion/false/refusal/non-performanceDecision recordNo action
Closed exitNo voluntary exit without justificationAgreementArbitrary exit
Open exitAnytime; 2-day noticeExit noticeNo notice
ReplenishmentRemaining below 70% and affecting performanceCalculation/recordEarly replenishment
StandardSame as the initial solicitationSolicitationLower threshold
Re-applicationDisqualified supplier restrictedList/recordAnother entity

Disqualification/replenishment/exit follow MOF Order No. 110; this table is editorial.

How should the e-marketplace/framework agreement page be written?

Suggested content: (1) platform and region (which province/platform, which categories, inside/outside the catalogue); (2) entity and authorisation (account entity, shortlisted entity, manufacturer/sole authorisation, agent list); (3) product and barcode (name, model, category, GB 12904 barcode, package specification, unit); (4) price (maximum price, agreement price, volume discount, reference-price basis); (5) phase 2 (direct selection/second bidding/sequential rotation, response time, service coverage); (6) contract/acceptance/announcement (fixed price, quantity/workload, acceptance file, announcement); (7) change/delisting/exit (price adjustment, model upgrade, disqualification, replenishment); (8) contact/version/update date. The public page explains rules, routes, evidence types and capability; it should not publish customer lists, floor prices, full BOM costs or unauthorised performance records; do not write "onboarding = award guaranteed / lowest price wins / valid forever".

Use consistent English terms (government procurement e-marketplace, framework agreement, phase 1/phase 2, shelf product, product barcode, reference price, maximum unit price, agreement price, direct selection, second bidding, sequential rotation, delisting) and state the review date. Link to the government procurement qualification/domestic product page, product price page, quotation/RFQ page and contract/technical agreement page.

SectionWhat to writeEvidenceAvoid
Platform/regionProvince/platform/category/scopePlatform rulesAll platforms
Entity/authorisationAccount/shortlist/manufacturer/agentLicence/authorisationDistributor as manufacturer
Product/barcodeModel/category/barcode/package/unitBarcode/packageInvented barcode
PriceMaximum/agreement/discount/referenceSolicitation/platformLowest price guaranteed
Phase 2Three methods/response/coverageSolicitationWait for automatic award
Contract/acceptanceFixed price/quantity/acceptance/noticeContract/acceptanceNo acceptance
Change/exitPrice/upgrade/disqualification/replenishmentRecordsArbitrary exit
Contact/versionEntity/date/updatePageNo date

This structure is editorial; external statements must be truthful and verifiable, per the rules, solicitation documents and platform agreement.

What must not be written?

High-risk claims: "onboarding = award" (onboarding is only platform/qualification; shortlisting and award are separate); "listing = order" (phase 2 selection is still needed); "lowest price = certain award" (method, requirement and performance matter); "reference price = government price" (it is a market-data reference; only government-set prices apply); "the barcode can be invented" (generally needs a GB 12904 barcode); "government-only models can be listed" (not allowed); "framework agreement = long-term contract" (it is a shortlist; the contract is phase 2); "a shortlisted supplier can exit freely" (closed agreements restrict voluntary exit); "a third-party service provider may charge listing fees" (No. 8 prohibits charging suppliers); "all products can be listed" (shelf product, barcode and reference price are required). These are inaccurate or misstate the platform, phase, price or responsibility.

Safer wording: "We have completed [registration/shortlisting] on [province/platform], entity [company], product [model/category/barcode], agreement price [basis], phase 2 supports [direct selection/second bidding/sequential rotation], contract/acceptance/announcement follow [rules]; change/delisting/exit follow [process]. The solicitation documents, platform agreement and finance department's interpretation control." External promotion must comply with advertising and fair-competition rules; customer, price and cost data need authorisation or redaction.

Go-live acceptance checklist

Ten checks: platform positioning, entity/authorisation, product/barcode, category/catalogue, price/agreement price, reference price, phase 2, contract/acceptance/announcement, disqualification/replenishment/exit, page wording/version. Each needs an owner, evidence and review date. The pass condition is not "the page says we are onboarded", but that a purchaser or internal team can find the entity, product, barcode, price, award method and exit rules.

Before go-live, run one real listed model through: platform/category → entity/authorisation → product/barcode → category → maximum/agreement price → reference price → phase 2 → contract/acceptance → disqualification/exit → page wording. Any step that fails is a gap in the page or platform materials.

CheckPass conditionEvidenceIf it fails
Platform positioningProvince/platform/category/scopePlatform rulesRe-assess
Entity/authorisationAccount/shortlist/contract alignLicence/authorisationAdd authorisation
Product/barcodeShelf product/GB 12904Barcode/packageChange code/product
Category/catalogue12/45/130/244 alignedStandardFix category
Price/agreementWithin maximum/agreementSolicitationAdjust price
Reference priceSource/sample/capPlatform recordAdd data
Phase 2Method/response/coverageSolicitationAdd process
Contract/acceptanceFixed price/quantity/acceptance/noticeContract/acceptanceAdd documents
Disqualification/exitTrigger/notice/70% replenishmentRecordsAdd rules
Wording/versionNo "onboarding = award"PageRewrite

This checklist is editorial; the rules, solicitation documents, platform agreement and contract control.

Who should read this, who should not, and what decisions does it support?

It suits export, quality, regulatory, procurement and website teams at equipment, electronics/electrical, automotive, medical device, hardware, chemical, packaging and export manufacturers in Changzhou and nearby areas; also companies entering a government procurement e-marketplace for the first time, or already onboarded but needing to update products/barcodes/prices/phase 2 response. It does not suit teams that only serve private customers, do not touch government procurement, or want one page to replace platform onboarding, solicitation response or legal advice.

Read it if you are entering an e-marketplace; the product has no barcode; the two framework phases are unclear; reference price and agreement price are confused; phase 2 is only "waiting for direct selection"; the product was delisted because the price was above the reference price. Skip it if you treat onboarding as award, reference price as government price, list government-only models, or want the page to promise an award. It supports self-review of platform positioning, entity/authorisation, product/barcode, category, price, reference price, phase 2, contract/acceptance, disqualification/exit and page wording.

FAQ

Is the e-marketplace a government procurement method?

No. It is a trading venue, mainly for phase 2 of framework agreement procurement for goods in the centralized procurement catalogue, and may serve small out-of-catalogue purchases. The framework agreement method is set by MOF Order No. 110; the e-marketplace is not a new method alongside public tender or competitive negotiation.

Does onboarding mean shortlisting or award?

No. Platform registration/onboarding, phase 1 shortlisting, product listing and phase 2 award are four different steps. Shortlisting depends on the solicitation and evaluation; award depends on direct selection, second bidding or sequential rotation; listing only makes the product selectable, not ordered.

Why do listed products need a barcode?

Cai Ku [2026] No. 8 requires listed products to be "shelf products" already sold on the market, generally with a GB 12904 barcode, and not government-procurement-only products; products without a reference price generally may not be listed. The barcode should match the product, model, package and sales unit.

Is the reference price a government price?

No. It is based on market sales data, with a broad, representative and sufficient sample, and is generally not higher than the recent market average. Only products with a lawful government-set price follow that price; the reference price is a comparison for purchasing and supervision.

How is the phase 2 award made?

By direct selection, second bidding or sequential rotation. Direct selection is the main method, based on price, quality, service convenience and user reviews; second bidding uses the agreement price as the cap and awards to the lowest bidder; sequential rotation awards in the order set in the solicitation, with one opportunity per supplier per rotation period.

Can a shortlisted supplier exit?

A closed framework agreement supplier may not voluntarily give up its shortlist status or exit without justification; an open framework agreement supplier may apply to exit at any time, and the solicitor publishes the exit notice within two working days. A disqualified or terminated supplier may not join the replenishment of the same closed framework agreement or re-apply to the same open one.

One-sentence takeaway

A Changzhou manufacturer's e-marketplace/framework agreement page is not about "we are onboarded / award guaranteed". It should turn platform positioning, the two phases, entity/authorisation, shelf product/barcode, category, maximum/agreement price, reference price, phase 2 award, contract/acceptance/announcement and disqualification/exit into a reviewable checklist—so a purchaser or internal team can find the product, price, award method and exit rules.

Method and limitations

This is a review of public rules and page practice, not an audit, certification, platform-onboarding, bid review or legal opinion on any company, product or contract. No undisclosed customer, price, cost or platform data were used. Processes, document lists, tables and acceptance items are editorial suggestions, not platform-operation or legal conclusions. Specific platform positioning, supplier/product access, barcodes, reference prices, maximum prices, phase 2, contract/acceptance and disqualification/exit depend on the latest rules, solicitation documents, platform agreement and the finance department's determination.

Sources and scope

Information is current to 2026-11-06. The following are official pages; their text controls.

  1. Ministry of Finance and State Administration for Market Regulation, Cai Ku [2026] No. 8, Guiding Opinions on Promoting High-Quality Development of Local Government Procurement E-Marketplaces: MOF Department of the Treasury. Positioning, supplier/product access, shelf products/barcodes/reference prices, price monitoring, interconnection, third-party services.
  2. MOF Order No. 110, Interim Measures for Framework Agreement Procurement: Gov.cn. Two phases, maximum/agreement price, three phase 2 methods, contract/acceptance/announcement, disqualification/replenishment/exit.
  3. General Office of the Ministry of Finance, Cai Ban Ku [2026] No. 17, 2026 Government Procurement E-Marketplace Product Classification Standard: Liaoning public resource trading platform reprint. 12/45/130/244 categories, catalogue alignment, provincial additions filing.
  4. Government Procurement Law of the People's Republic of China (2014 amendment): National Laws and Regulations Database. Scope, procurement methods, supplier conditions, contract and remedies.
About the author

Lingyi Information Official (delivery team) supports requirements, proposals, and acceptance for enterprise websites, brand and brochure design, smart manufacturing, and AI projects. This article is public research and project practice, not legal, bidding, platform-operation or procurement advice; specific projects follow the latest rules, solicitation documents, platform agreement and contract.

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